H. Rpt. 119-471 accompanies criminal justice legislation titled "Combating Organized Retail Crime Act of 2025". Bills in this area address federal crimes, sentencing, law enforcement, prisons, drug policy, civil rights, or court procedures. The Judiciary Committee's report explains the criminal justice concern, the statutory changes proposed, and the expected impact on defendants, victims, law enforcement, and the federal court system. Criminal justice reports frequently examine sentencing disparities and enforcement patterns.
Official report text. Use Ctrl+F / Cmd+F to search within the document.
House Report 119-471 - COMBATING ORGANIZED RETAIL CRIME ACT OF 2025
[House Report 119-471]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
119th Congress } { Report
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
2d Session } { 119-471
======================================================================
COMBATING ORGANIZED RETAIL CRIME ACT OF 2025
_______
January 30, 2026.--Committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the
State of the Union and ordered to be printed
_______
Mr. Jordan, from the Committee on the Judiciary, submitted the
following
R E P O R T
[To accompany H.R. 2853]
The Committee on the Judiciary, to whom was referred the
bill (H.R. 2853) to combat organized crime involving the
illegal acquisition of retail goods and cargo for the purpose
of selling those illegally obtained goods through physical and
online retail marketplaces, having considered the same, reports
favorably thereon with an amendment and recommends that the
bill as amended do pass.
CONTENTS
Page
Purpose and Summary.............................................. 6
Background and Need for the Legislation.......................... 6
Hearings......................................................... 11
Committee Consideration.......................................... 11
Committee Votes.................................................. 11
Committee Oversight Findings..................................... 11
New Budget Authority and Tax Expenditures........................ 11
Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate........................ 12
Committee Estimate of Budgetary Effects.......................... 12
Duplication of Federal Programs.................................. 12
Performance Goals and Objectives................................. 12
Advisory on Earmarks............................................. 12
Federal Mandates Statement....................................... 12
Advisory Committee Statement..................................... 13
Applicability to Legislative Branch.............................. 13
Section-by-Section Analysis...................................... 13
Changes in Existing Law Made by the Bill, as Reported............ 13
The amendment is as follows:
Strike all after the enacting clause and insert the
following:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the ``Combating Organized Retail Crime Act
of 2025''.
SEC. 2. FINDINGS.
It is the sense of Congress that--
(1) organized theft groups, involving sophisticated and
structured groups of individuals, continue to increase criminal
activities carried out by the groups against the retail
industry and the supply chain of the Nation, and these
activities, at unprecedented levels, involve theft and fraud of
both physical and digital goods, leading to escalating
financial losses and violence in the workplace--all impacting
the national economy and security of the United States;
(2) retailers face mounting thefts and fraud because of
organized retail crime in and around stores, online, and
throughout the retail ecosystem, and, according to the National
Retail Federation, larceny incidents increased by 93 percent in
2023 compared to 2019, with a 90 percent rise in average dollar
loss;
(3) these thefts are often orchestrated by organized theft
groups reselling and redistributing the stolen goods back into
the economy of the United States or overseas to gain illicit
profit and to finance other criminal activity, and more than 84
percent of retailers report that violence and aggression from
these criminal activities has become more of a concern since
2022, resulting in injuries and deaths among employees,
customers, security officers, and law enforcement personnel;
(4) product manufacturers and the supply chain of the Nation
are victims of alarming increases in cargo theft across rails,
roads, and the various distribution points across the Nation;
(5) CargoNet, a database of reported incidents in the United
States, reported a 27 percent increase in cargo theft incidents
in 2024 compared to the previous year, while during the same
period, the average value per theft rose to over $202,000;
(6) these thefts range from large-scale physical theft of
goods from containers and storage to sophisticated
cybercriminal methods that divert shipments to illicit
receivers, causing significant financial losses and operational
supply chain disruptions;
(7) since 2022, more than 30 State laws have been enacted to
address organized theft, allow for aggregation of thefts, and
adjust penalties and enhancements, includin in 2024, California
voters overwhelmingly approving a constitutional reform to
allow aggregation of multiple or repeated thefts;
(8) although larceny and organized retail crime are sometimes
prosecuted at State and local levels, States face resource and
investigative challenges from groups operating beyond local,
State, and regional law enforcement capabilities, and more
needs to be done to address the cross-jurisdictional,
interstate, and international aspects of these crimes;
(9) organized theft groups vary in scope and scale, operating
across State jurisdictions to avoid or disrupt local, State,
and Tribal law enforcement response, and these organized theft
groups build hierarchies to easily redistribute stolen goods
and illicit profits back into the economy of the United States
or overseas with disregard for product and consumer safety;
(10) the groups exist and operate at the local, regional, and
transnational level, targeting goods that include raw and
finished materials, various branded retail products across all
consumer categories, operational assets in retail commerce such
as reusable transport packaging products, and consumable goods
including agriculture, food products, and medicines;
(11) these groups are often polycriminal organizations, using
profit from the reselling of stolen goods to support crimes
involving drugs and weapons trafficking;
(12) the organized theft groups engage in human smuggling and
have been known to use migrants to commit crimes to support the
organizations;
(13) the groups move products and illicit proceeds beyond the
borders of the United States, funding nefarious groups and
activities and threatening the integrity of the international
economy;
(14) organized theft groups--
(A) threaten the safety and liberty of individuals in
the United States when those individuals engage in
commerce;
(B) impact the ability of the Nation to distribute
goods to consumers, undermine consumer confidence in
the supply chain, and threaten the integrity of
agricultural and consumable goods;
(C) erode the national economy by increasing the cost
of goods, resulting in higher prices for consumers,
reducing tax revenues, and impacting employees,
customers, and businesses alike; and
(D) impact the national security of the United States
through financing transnational criminal activity and
providing profit and proceeds supporting larger
criminal goals of the criminal organizations; and
(15) it has become necessary for Congress to--
(A) amend title 18, United States Code, to ensure
that law enforcement has the legal tools necessary to
combat organized retail crime in the same capacity that
law enforcement is able to combat theft and diversion
from other portions of the supply chain; and
(B) direct the executive branch to create a central
coordination center to align Federal, State, local,
territorial, and Tribal efforts to combat organized
retail crime and organized supply chain crime.
SEC. 3. AMENDMENTS TO TITLE 18, UNITED STATES CODE.
Part I of title 18, United States Code, is amended--
(1) in section 982(a)(5)--
(A) by redesignating subparagraphs (C), (D), and (E)
as subparagraphs (D), (E), and (F), respectively;
(B) by inserting after subparagraph (B) the
following:
``(C) section 659 (interstate or foreign shipments by
carrier; State prosecutions);'';
(C) in subparagraph (E), as so redesignated, by
striking ``; or'' and inserting a semicolon; and
(D) by inserting after subparagraph (F), as so
redesignated, the following:
``(G) section 2314 (transportation of stolen goods,
securities, moneys, fraudulent State tax stamps, or articles
used in counterfeiting); or
``(H) section 2315 (sale or receipt of stolen goods,
securities, moneys, or fraudulent State tax stamps);'';
(2) in section 1956(c)--
(A) in paragraph (5), by striking ``and money
orders'' and inserting ``money orders, general-use
prepaid cards, gift certificates, and store gift
cards''; and
(B) in paragraph (7)(D)--
(i) by inserting ``section 659 (interstate or
foreign shipments by carrier; State
prosecutions),'' after ``section 658 (relating
to property mortgaged or pledged to farm credit
agencies),''; and
(ii) by inserting ``section 2314
(transportation of stolen goods, securities,
moneys, fraudulent State tax stamps, or
articles used in counterfeiting), section 2315
(sale or receipt of stolen goods, securities,
moneys, or fraudulent State tax stamps),''
after ``section 2281 (relating to violence
against maritime fixed platforms),'';
(3) in section 2314, in the first paragraph--
(A) by inserting ``or of an aggregate value of $5,000
or more during any 12-month period,'' after ``more,'';
(B) by inserting ``embezzled,'' after ``stolen,'';
and
(C) by inserting ``, false pretense, or other illegal
means'' after ``fraud''; and
(4) in section 2315, in the first paragraph, by inserting
``or of an aggregate value of $5,000 or more during any 12-
month period,'' after ``$5,000 or more,''.
SEC. 4. ESTABLISHMENT OF A CENTER TO COMBAT ORGANIZED RETAIL AND SUPPLY
CHAIN CRIME.
(a) In General.--Title III of the Trade Facilitation and Trade
Enforcement Act of 2015 (19 U.S.C. 4341 et seq.) is amended by
inserting after section 305 the following:
``SEC. 305A. ORGANIZED RETAIL AND SUPPLY CHAIN CRIME COORDINATION
CENTER.
``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
``(1) Center.--The term `Center' means the Organized Retail
and Supply Chain Crime Coordination Center established pursuant
to subsection (b)(1).
``(2) Organized retail and supply chain crime.--The term
`organized retail and supply chain crime' includes--
``(A) any crime described in section 659, 2117, 2314,
or 2315 of title 18, United States Code that is
committed by, in coordination with, or at the
instruction of an organization;
``(B) aiding or abetting the commission of, or
conspiring to commit, any act that is in furtherance of
a violation of a crime referred to in subparagraph (A);
and
``(C) other crimes related to those described in
subparagraphs (A) and (B).
``(3) Secretary.--The term `Secretary' means the Secretary of
Homeland Security.
``(4) Executive associate director.--The term `Executive
Associate Director' means the Executive Associate Director of
Homeland Security Investigations.
``(b) Organized Retail and Supply Chain Crime Coordination Center.--
``(1) Establishment.--Not later than 90 days after the date
of enactment of the Combating Organized Retail Crime Act of
2025, the Secretary shall direct the Executive Associate
Director to establish the Organized Retail and Supply Chain
Crime Coordination Center.
``(2) Duties.--The duties of the Center shall include--
``(A) coordinating Federal law enforcement activities
related to organized retail and supply chain crime,
including investigations of national and transnational
criminal organizations that are engaged in organized
retail and supply chain crime;
``(B) establishing relationships with State and local
law enforcement agencies and organizations, including
organized retail crime associations and cargo theft
associations, and sharing information regarding
organized retail and supply chain crime threats with
such agencies and organizations;
``(C) assisting State and local law enforcement
agencies with State and local investigations of
organized retail and supply chain crime groups;
``(D) establishing relationships with retail,
transportation, and other companies determined by the
Executive Associate Director to have significant
interests relating to organized retail and supply chain
crime threats, sharing information with those companies
regarding such threats, collaborating on investigations
and loss prevention activities as appropriate, and
providing a mechanism for the receipt of investigative
information on such threats;
``(E) establishing a secure system for sharing
information regarding organized retail and supply chain
crime threats by leveraging existing information
systems at the Department of Homeland Security and the
Department of Justice;
``(F) tracking trends with respect to organized
retail and supply chain crime and releasing annual
public reports on such trends; and
``(G) supporting the provision of training and
technical assistance in accordance with subsection (c).
``(3) Leadership; staffing.--
``(A) Director.--The Center shall be headed by a
Director, who shall be--
``(i) an experienced law enforcement officer;
``(ii) appointed by the Director of U.S.
Immigration and Customs Enforcement; and
``(iii) in a Senior Executive Service
position as defined in section 3132 of title 5,
United States Code.
``(B) Deputy director.--The Director of the Center
shall be assisted by a Deputy Director, who shall be
appointed, on a 2-year rotational basis, upon request
from the Executive Associate Director, by--
``(i) the Director of the Federal Bureau of
Investigation;
``(ii) the Director of the United States
Secret Service; or
``(iii) the Chief Postal Inspector.
``(C) Federal staff.--The staff of the Center shall
include--
``(i) special agents and analysts from
Homeland Security Investigations; and
``(ii) detailed criminal investigators,
analysts, and liaisons from other Federal
agencies who have responsibilities related to
organized retail and supply chain crime,
including detailees from--
``(I) U.S. Customs and Border
Protection;
``(II) the United States Secret
Service;
``(III) the United States Postal
Inspection Service;
``(IV) the Bureau of Alcohol,
Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives;
``(V) the Drug Enforcement
Administration;
``(VI) the Federal Bureau of
Investigation; and
``(VII) the Federal Motor Carrier
Safety Administration.
``(D) State and local staff.--The staff of the Center
may include detailees from State and local law
enforcement agencies, who shall serve at the Center on
a nonreimbursable basis.
``(4) Coordination.--
``(A) In general.--The Center shall coordinate its
activities, as appropriate, with other Federal agencies
and centers responsible for countering transnational
organized crime threats.
``(B) Shared resources.--In establishing the Center,
the Executive Associate Director may co-locate or
otherwise share resources and personnel, including
detailees and agency liaisons, with--
``(i) the National Intellectual Property
Rights Coordination Center established pursuant
to section 305(a)(1); or
``(ii) other existing interagency centers
within the Department of Homeland Security.
``(C) Agreements.--The Director of the Center, or his
or her designee, may enter into agreements with
Federal, State, local, and Tribal agencies and private
sector entities to facilitate carrying out the duties
described in paragraph (2).
``(D) Information sharing.--
``(i) In general.--Subject to the approval of
the Director of the Center, information that
would otherwise be subject to the limitation on
the disclosure of confidential information set
forth in section 1905 of title 18, United
States Code, may be shared if such disclosure
is operationally necessary.
``(ii) Non-delegable authority.--The Director
may not delegate his or her authority under
this subparagraph.
``(5) Reporting requirements.--
``(A) Initial report.--
``(i) In general.--Not later than 1 year
after the date of enactment of the Combating
Organized Retail Crime Act of 2025, the
Secretary shall submit a report regarding the
establishment of the Center to--
``(I) the Committee on the Judiciary
of the Senate;
``(II) the Committee on Homeland
Security and Governmental Affairs of
the Senate;
``(III) the Committee on the
Judiciary of the House of
Representatives; and
``(IV) the Committee on Homeland
Security of the House of
Representatives.
``(ii) Contents.--The report required under
clause (i) shall include a description of--
``(I) the organizational structure of
the Center;
``(II) the agencies and partner
organizations that are represented
within the Center;
``(III) any challenges required to be
addressed while establishing the
Center;
``(IV) any lessons learned from
establishing the Center, including
successful prosecutions resulting from
the activities of the Center;
``(V) recommendations for ways to
strengthen the enforcement of laws
involving organized retail and supply
chain crime;
``(VI) the intersections and
commonalities between organized retail
crime organizations and other organized
theft groups, including supply chain
diversion and theft; and
``(VII) the impact of organized theft
groups on the scarcity of vital
products, including medicines, personal
protective equipment, and infant
formula.
``(B) Annual report.--Beginning on the date that is 1
year after the submission of the report required under
subparagraph (A), and each year thereafter, the
Secretary shall submit an annual report that describes
the activities of the Center during the previous year
to the congressional committees listed in subparagraph
(A)(i).
``(6) Sunset.--
``(A) In general.--The authority of the Center shall
terminate on the date that is 7 years after the date on
which the Center is established under paragraph (1).
``(B) Wind down.--The Secretary shall take such
actions as may be necessary to wind down the Center in
accordance with subparagraph (A).
``(c) Training and Technical Assistance.--
``(1) Evaluation.--Not later than 180 days after the date of
enactment of the Combating Organized Retail Crime Act of 2025,
the Secretary and the Attorney General shall conduct an
evaluation of existing Federal programs that provide grants,
training, and technical support to State, local, and Tribal law
enforcement to assist in countering organized retail and supply
chain crime.
``(2) Evaluation scope.--The evaluation required under
paragraph (1) shall evaluate, at a minimum--
``(A) the Homeland Security Grant Program at the
Federal Emergency Management Agency;
``(B) grant programs at the Office of Justice
Programs within the Department of Justice; and
``(C) relevant training programs at the Federal Law
Enforcement Training Center.
``(3) Report.--Not later than 45 days after the completion of
the evaluation required under paragraph (1), the Secretary and
the Attorney General shall jointly submit a report to the
congressional committees listed in subsection (b)(5)(A)(i)
that--
``(A) describes the results of such evaluation; and
``(B) includes recommendations on ways to expand
grants, training, and technical assistance for
combating organized retail and supply chain crime.
``(4) Enhancing or modifying training and technical
assistance.--Not later than 45 days after submitting the report
required under paragraph (3), the Secretary and the Attorney
General shall jointly issue formal guidance to relevant
agencies and offices within the Department of Homeland Security
and the Department of Justice for modifying or expanding, as
appropriate, the prioritization of training and technical
assistance designed to counter organized retail and supply
chain crime.''.
(b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents for the Trade
Facilitation and Trade Enforcement Act of 2015 (Public Law 114-125; 130
Stat. 122) is amended by inserting after the item relating to section
305 the following:
``Sec. 305A. Organized Retail and Supply Chain Crime Coordination
Center.''.
Purpose and Summary
H.R. 2853, the Combatting Organized Retail Crime Act of
2025, introduced by Rep. Dave Joyce (R-OH), allows federal
prosecutors to aggregate stolen goods valued at $5,000 or more
over a 12-month period for the purposes of the federal criminal
statutes related to transporting stolen goods and the sale or
receipt of stolen goods. The bill also expands the definition
of ``monetary instrument'' in the federal money laundering
statute to include general-use prepaid cards, gift
certificates, and store gift cards. It also amends the federal
money laundering statute to include as predicate offenses
crimes related to theft of interstate shipments, transportation
of stolen goods, and the sale or receipt of stolen goods. The
bill further expands the ability for federal judges to order
criminal forfeiture of assets from convictions related to
interstate shipment, transportation, or sale of stolen goods.
Finally, it establishes a Center to Combat Organized Retail and
Supply Chain Crime within the Department of Homeland Security's
(DHS) Homeland Security Investigations (HSI).
Background and Need for the Legislation
Organized retail crime (ORC) is a subset of retail crime,
which is a larger category of crime that generally refers to
theft, shoplifting, and robberies. ORC is large-scale retail
theft carried out by organized groups of professional
shoplifters, commonly referred to as boosters.\1\ After
stealing goods from stores, boosters will use storage
facilities to house stolen merchandise until they are able to
sell the items.\2\ ORC rings typically target easily
concealable merchandise such as medication, razor blades,
infant formula, batteries, CDs, or valuable items such as
designer clothes, furs, home appliances, and consumer
electronics.\3\ While most shoplifters steal items for personal
use or consumption, boosters sell these illegally acquired
items through various fencing operations.\4\ Traditionally,
fences would sell stolen goods at flea markets and pawn shops.
However, with the rise of e-commerce, stolen goods are
increasingly being sold on online marketplaces such as eBay and
Amazon.\5\ Not all online sales platforms have sufficient
control and vetting processes to detect when merchants fence
stolen goods.
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\1\Kristin Finklea, Cong. Research Servs. IN11840, Organized Retail
Crime and the Federal Response (2022).
\2\Id.
\3\Id.
\4\Id.
\5\Aine Cain, Shoplifting Syndicates Are Costing Retailers Billions
Every Year. Industry Insiders Are Pointing to the Ease of Online
Reselling for Helping Crime Rings Thrive, Business Insider (Aug. 22,
2021).
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ORC is not confined to retail theft in stores. According to
a 2025 report by the National Retail Federation (NRF), ORC
groups are moving into more sophisticated schemes and
exploiting vulnerabilities across retail establishments.\6\ In
the past year, retailers reported increases in phone scams (70
percent), digital and e-commerce fraud (55 percent),
shoplifting and theft (52 percent), and cargo or supply-chain
theft (50 percent) tied to ORC.\7\ NRF also reported that from
2023 to 2024, external shoplifting increased by 18 percent, and
merchandise theft incidents rose by 12 percent.\8\ According to
the NRF's survey, 66 percent of retailers have reported seeing
the involvement of transnational criminal organization in
thefts since 2024.\9\
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\6\Press Release, NRF New Study Finds Retailers Continue to Contend
with Rising Levels of Theft & Violence, Nat'l Retail Fed'n (Oct. 28,
2025), https://nrf.com/media-center/press-
releases/new-study-finds-retailers-continue-to-contend-with-rising-
levels-of-theft-and-violence.
\7\Id.
\8\Nat'l Retail Fed'n, The Impact of Retail Theft and Violence
Report (2025), https://a-us.storyblok.com/f/1021220/x/1d1b065f26/
nrf_impact_of_retail_theft_violence_10-31-2025.pdf.
\9\Id.
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Cargo Theft
As modern supply-chain technology advances, organized theft
groups (OTGs) are adapting just as quickly, finding new and
sophisticated ways to steal goods. In recent years, cargo theft
has become a more prominent component of ORC.\10\ In 2024,
cargo theft in the United States reached 3,798 reported
incidents, a 26 percent jump from the year before, and has
resulted in almost $455 million in documented losses.\11\ The
American Trucking Association (ATA) estimates that cargo theft
is costing the U.S. trucking industry $7 billion per year.\12\
According to data from the ATA, California, Texas, and Illinois
together made up 61 percent of all reported cargo theft
incidents in the first quarter of 2024,\13\ with states like
Arizona and Nevada quickly rising.\14\ OTGs take advantage of
the fast-moving and interconnected model of today's supply
chain to unlawfully acquire loads and divert them without ever
needing physical confrontation.\15\ When freight is in motion,
OTGs employ a wide range of advanced methods to carry out cargo
theft, using falsified credentials and remote access tools.\16\
These tactics include strategic and straight theft, fictitious
pickups, cyber intrusions, identity fraud, hijacking, holding
freight hostage, and breaking into warehouses, among other
schemes.\17\
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\10\American Trucking Associations, Organized Crime Is Targeting
U.S. Supply Chains: Congress Must Address Rampant Cargo Theft & Fraud,
(last visited on Dec. 9, 2025), https://www.trucking.org/cargotheft.
\11\Unlimited Logistics, Combating Fraud and Cargo Theft In 2025
(Jun. 28, 2025), https://www.unlimitedlogistics.com/article/combating-
fraud-cargo-theft-2025.
\12\Chris Spear, Cargo Theft Isn't a Trucking Problem. It's a
National Crisis, American Trucking Associations (Oct. 6, 2025).
\13\American Trucking Associations, Organized Crime Is Targeting
U.S. Supply Chains: Congress Must Address Rampant Cargo Theft & Fraud,
(last visited on Dec. 9, 2025), https://www.trucking.org/cargotheft.
\14\Unlimited Logistics, Combating Fraud and Cargo Theft In 2025
(Jun. 28, 2025), https://www.unlimitedlogistics.com/article/combating-
fraud-cargo-theft-2025.
\15\American Trucking Associations, Organized Crime Is Targeting
U.S. Supply Chains: Congress Must Address Rampant Cargo Theft & Fraud,
(last visited on Dec. 9, 2025), https://www.trucking.org/cargotheft.
\16\Id.
\17\Id.
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ORC Data and Retailer Response to ORC
While precise data on ORC is limited, statistics reported
by individual retailers and the NRF can provide a sense of the
scale of ORC. For example, ORC happens frequently and each
incident typically lasts only a couple minutes. In 2022, a CVS
executive stated that CVS receives a report that one of their
pharmacies is victimized every three minutes and ``the average
professional thief targeting CVS steals $2,000 worth of goods .
. . in just two minutes.''\18\ These ORC thefts often involve
violence or threats of violence. NRF reported that, in 2024,
``73% of retailers reported that shoplifters were exhibiting
heightened levels of aggression and violence.''\19\ In 2025,
NRF reported that 83 percent of retailers said levels of
aggression and violence among shoplifters was as high or higher
than the previous year.\20\ From 2023 to 2024, retailers
reported a 17 percent rise in threats or violent acts against
employees related to shoplifting or theft.\21\
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\18\Hannah Towey and Ben Tobin, The CEO's of Walmart and Target are
warning of surging theft. Here's how a CVS exec said thieves steal
$2,000 from stores in just 2 minutes, Business Insider (Dec. 15, 2022).
\19\Press Release, NRF Organized Retail Crime, Nat'l Retail Fed'n
(last visited Dec. 3, 2025), https://nrf.com/advocacy/policy-issues/
organized-retail-crime.
\20\Id.
\21\Press Release, NRF New Study Finds Retailers Continue to
Contend with Rising Levels of Theft & Violence, Nat'l Retail Fed'n
(Oct. 28, 2025), https://nrf.com/media-center/press-
releases/new-study-finds-retailers-continue-to-contend-with-rising-
levels-of-theft-and-violence.
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As ORC continues to rise, companies continue to raise
concerns about the problem and work to enhance their safety
measures.\22\ For example, about 31 percent of retailers
surveyed have established a dedicated ORC team in an attempt to
curb this criminal activity.\23\ Sixty-three percent of
retailers have increased management training in responding to
threats or violence, while 60 percent have expanded workplace-
violence prevention training for employees.\24\ Other companies
like Walmart, Walgreens, Best Buy, CVS, and Home Depot have
also raised concerns about the rise in ORC.\25\ Walmart's Chief
Executive Officer, Doug McMillon stated in 2023 that action
against ORC is needed.\26\
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\22\NAT'L RETAIL FED'N, The Impact of Retail Theft and Violence
Report (2025), https://a-us.storyblok.com/f/1021220/x/1d1b065f26/
nrf_impact_of_retail_theft_violence_10-31-2025.pdf.
\23\Id. at 2.
\24\Id.
\25\Melissa Repko, Target expects organized retail crime-fueled
losses to jump by $500 million this year, CNBC (May 17, 2023).
\26\Daniella Genovese, Walmart and Target executives speak out on
retail crime, Fox News (Aug. 17, 2023).
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Despite these efforts, ORC has a considerable financial
effect on retailers. For example, Target reported a total of
$500 million of inventory loss in 2023.\27\ Richard McPhail,
Chief Financial Officer for Home Depot, similar noted then
that, ``shrink has been a consistent pressure over the last
several quarters and even the last few years, and it's
something we are tackling every day.''\28\ ``Shrink'' is a
measure of inventory loss that extends beyond theft.\29\ In
addition to external theft, employee theft, and vendor fraud,
it also captures non-theft losses such as administrative
errors, product damage, expired inventory, and spoilage.\30\
However, it is not only large corporations that incur losses
from ORC. Estimates indicate that ORC costs federal and state
governments nearly $15 billion in lost tax revenue, excluding
lost sales taxes.\31\ Furthermore, the Department of Homeland
Security projects that the average American household bears
over $500 annually in additional expenses because of ORC.\32\
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\27\Id.
\28\Id.
\29\David Johnston, The misperception of shrink and its impact on
organized retail crime, NAT'L RETAIL FED'N (Aug. 19, 2025).
\30\Id.
\31\Press Release, Immigration & Customs Enforcement, Operation
Boiling Point: Our Response To Organized Theft Groups Profiting From
Organized Retail Crime, U.S. Dep't of Homeland Sec (last accessed Dec.
3, 2025), https://www.ice.gov/about-ice/hsi/news/hsi-insider/op-
boiling-point.
\32\Id.
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Examples of ORC
ORC is a professional crime that involves stealing specific
items that can be easily resold. ORC criminal rings vary in
terms of their size, origin, and specialty, and can be
connected to larger organized crime outfits.\33\ For major
criminal organizations, ORC is another business in a portfolio
that may also include other criminal activity such as narcotics
distribution, human trafficking, and firearms trafficking.\34\
Smaller criminal organizations tend to be led by a figure who
can convince certain individuals to steal in exchange for a
small cut of money.\35\ In many cases, these professional
boosters steal slightly below the state's felony threshold,
knowing they will likely not be prosecuted if they do not pass
that certain felony threshold.\36\ Examples of ORC rings
include:
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\33\Tao Lin, Why solving ORC matters & 5 ways to take action, Auror
(Aug. 15, 2022).
\34\Press Release, Detecting and Reporting Organized Retail Crime,
ACAMS Today (Aug. 1, 2022).
\35\Id.
\36\Id.
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Between April 28, 2023 and June 15, 2023,
six individuals, aged 28, 21, 17, 16, and 13, all from
Washington, D.C. allegedly stole from 11 stores in
Montgomery County, Maryland, and roughly 80 stores in
D.C.\37\ Police reported that the vehicle they used had
been carjacked at gunpoint in D.C. on June 14,
2023.\38\ The group reportedly stole $78,000 from Ulta
Beauty stores in the D.C. area and another $49,000 from
11 Ulta Beauty, Sephora, Target, and Nike stores.\39\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\37\Mark Segraves, Group including 13-year-old suspected in over 90
DC, Maryland store thefts, NBC News (Jul. 13, 2023).
\38\Id.
\39\Id.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
In Northwest Washington, D.C., authorities
arrested a 64-year-old man for allegedly stealing over
$6,699 in merchandise across multiple CVS
locations.\40\ The series of 23 retail thefts took
place between June 19, 2024, and September 9, 2024.\41\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\40\Ida Domingo, 64-year-old arrested for stealing nearly $7K of
merchandise from CVS stores in DC: Police, ABC News (Oct. 1, 2024).
\41\Id.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
In March 2025, authorities in Virginia and
Maryland arrested two adults and a teenager responsible
for allegedly stealing over $190,000 in a series of
organized retail robberies, including $50,000 taken in
Fairfax County.\42\ The suspects first stole perfume,
and when Ulta secured it behind glass, they allegedly
began smashing the cases with a hammer to access the
products.\43\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\42\Jessica James, Sarah Beth Guevara & Tom Roussey, 2 adults, teen
charged in stealing $190,000 worth of high-end fragrances from Ulta
Beauty, ABC News (Mar. 28, 2025).
\43\Id.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
On May 30, 2025, in Arlington, Virginia,
Arlington County Police Department collaborated with
loss prevention personnel to conduct a ``retail theft
detail.''\44\ This effort resulted in the arrest of
seven people on petit larceny charges and one on a
grand larceny charge, recovering more than $6,000 in
stolen merchandise.\45\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\44\Dan Egitto, Eight shoplifting suspects arrested in Pentagon
City after surge in retail crime, ARLNow (Jun. 9, 2025).
\45\Id.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
California resident Michelle Mack, who
operated a nationwide retail theft ring that stole
millions of dollars in beauty products from Ulta Beauty
and Sephora for resale on Amazon, was arrested on state
charges in December 2023 and began serving her sentence
in January 2025.\46\ As part of that sentence, she was
ordered to repay $3 million dollars in restitution.\47\
Mack recruited a group of young women to steal
merchandise that she then resold through Amazon
storefronts.\48\ She pleaded guilty to multiple counts
of grand theft and conspiracy for orchestrating a
burglary ring involving at least 12 women who
shoplifted makeup and other high-value goods for her
operation.\49\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\46\Jackie Crea, Bonsall woman named ringleader of national Ulta,
Sephora theft ring sentenced, NBCS News (Jan. 9, 2025).
\47\Id.
\48\Id.
\49\Gabriella Fonrouge, Retail crime `queenpin' to pay millions in
restitution to Ulta, other retailers for theft ring, CNBC (Jan. 22,
2025).
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The Combatting Organized Retail Crime Act (CORCA)
CORCA provides federal prosecutors with additional tools to
combat ORC. For example, the bill amends federal criminal law
to allow federal prosecutors to charge receipt of stolen goods
or transportation of stolen goods when the stolen property
reaches an aggregate value of $5,000 or more over a 12-month
period. It also expands the definition of ``monetary
instrument'' in the federal money laundering statute to include
general-use prepaid cards, gift certificates, and store gift
cards. Over the past several years, ORC groups are increasingly
utilizing gift card schemes to defraud both stores and
customers.\50\ For example, ORC groups record the gift card
data in the store, get notified when funds are loaded onto the
card, and then drain the balance before the customer can use
it.\51\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\50\Emma Caplan-Fisher, Americans lost $1B to `gift card draining'
scam. Now authorities and retailers are targeting the organized crime
behind it. How to protect yourself, MoneyWise (Dec. 14, 2025); U.S.
Dep't of Homeland Security, Immigrations and Customs Enforcement,
Tackling the Rise in Gift Card Fraud, https://www.ice.gov/about-ice/
hsi/news/hsi-insider/tackling-gift-card-fraud (last visited Dec. 14,
2025).
\51\Id.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The bill further expands the ability for federal judges to
order criminal forfeiture of assets from convictions related to
interstate shipment, transportation, or sale of stolen goods.
Finally, it establishes a Center to Combat Organized Retail and
Supply Chain Crime within Homeland Security Investigations. The
center will be tasked with coordinating federal law enforcement
activities related to organized retail and supply chain crime,
including investigations of national/transnational criminal
organizations. The center is also tasked with establishing
relationships with state and local law enforcement agencies to
share information on ORC threats.
Hearings
For the purposes of clause 3(c)(6)(A) of House rule XIII,
the following hearings were used to develop H.R. 2853:
``Protecting Consumers and Businesses: Confronting Organized
Retail Crime'' a hearing held on December 17, 2025, before
Subcommittee on Crime and Federal Government Surveillance of
the Committee on the Judiciary. The Subcommittee heard
testimony from the following witnesses:
Scott McBride, Chief Global Asset Protection
Office & Chief Security Officer, American Eagle, Inc.;
Chris Spear, President and CEO, American
Trucking Association;
Shane Bennett, Principal of Cyber Defense--
Theft, Fraud & Abuse; and
The Honorable Summer Stephan, District
Attorney, San Diego County.
The hearing examined the rise in organized retail crime and
cargo theft and its effects on businesses and the public. The
Committee received testimony from witnesses describing how
organized retail crime groups target retailers and
transportation companies and convert stolen goods into cash.
The witnesses also explained how these proceeds are laundered
to fuel broader criminal activities, including human
trafficking, drug trafficking, and further theft.
Committee Consideration
On January 13, 2026, the Committee met in open session and
ordered the bill, H.R. 2853, favorably reported with an
amendment in the nature of a substitute, by voice vote.
Committee Votes
In compliance with clause 3(b) of House rule XIII, the
Committee states that no recorded votes were taken during
consideration of H.R. 2853.
Committee Oversight Findings
In compliance with clause 3(c)(1) of House rule XIII, the
Committee advises that the findings and recommendations of the
Committee, based on oversight activities under clause 2(b)(1)
of rule X of the Rules of the House of Representatives, are
incorporated in the descriptive portions of this report.
New Budget Authority and Tax Expenditures
With respect to the requirements of clause 3(c)(2) of rule
XIII of the Rules of the House of Representatives and section
308(a) of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 and with respect
to the requirements of clause 3(c)(3) of rule XIII of the Rules
of the House of Representatives and section 402 of the
Congressional Budget Act of 1974, the Committee has requested
but not received a cost estimate for this bill from the
Director of the Congressional Budget Office. The Committee has
requested but not received from the Director of the
Congressional Budget Office a statement as to whether this bill
contains any new budget authority, spending authority, credit
authority, or an increase or decrease in revenues or tax
expenditures. The Chairman of the Committee shall cause such
estimate and statement to be printed in the Congressional
Record upon its receipt by the Committee.
Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate
With respect to the requirement of clause 3(c)(3) of rule
XIII of the Rules of the House of Representatives, a cost
estimate provided by the Congressional Budget Office pursuant
to section 402 of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 was not
made available to the Committee in time for the filing of this
report. The Chairman of the Committee shall cause such estimate
to be printed in the Congressional Record upon its receipt by
the Committee.
Committee Estimate of Budgetary Effects
With respect to the requirements of clause 3(d)(1) of rule
XIII of the Rules of the House of Representatives, the
Committee adopts as its own the cost estimate prepared by the
Director of the Congressional Budget Office pursuant to section
402 of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974.
Duplication of Federal Programs
Pursuant to clause 3(c)(5) of House rule XIII, no provision
of H.R. 2853 establishes or reauthorizes a program of the
federal government known to be duplicative of another federal
program.
Performance Goals and Objectives
The Committee states that pursuant to clause 3(c)(4) of
House rule XIII, H.R. 2853 would amend certain federal statutes
to better enable the prosecution of organized retail crime and
establish a Center to Combat Organized Retail and Supply Chain
Crime within the Department of Homeland Security's Homeland
Security Investigations.
Advisory on Earmarks
In accordance with clause 9 of House rule XXI, H.R. 2853
does not contain any congressional earmarks, limited tax
benefits, or limited tariff benefits as defined in clauses
9(d), 9(e), or 9(f) of House rule XXI.
Federal Mandates Statement
An estimate of federal mandates prepared by the Director of
the Congressional Budget office pursuant to section 423 of the
Unfunded Mandates Reform Act was not made available to the
Committee in time for the filing of this report. The Chairman
of the Committee shall cause such estimate to be printed in the
Congressional Record upon its receipt by the Committee.
Advisory Committee Statement
No advisory committees within the meaning of section 5(b)
of the Federal Advisory Committee Act were created by this
legislation.
Applicability to Legislative Branch
The Committee finds that the legislation does not relate to
the terms and conditions of employment or access to public
services or accommodations within the meaning of section
102(b)(3) of the Congressional Accountability Act (Pub. L. 104-
1).
Section-by-Section Analysis
Section 1: Short title. The ``Combatting Organized Retail
Crime Act.''
Section 2. Findings. This section makes findings related to
Organized Retail Crime.
Section 3. Amendments to Title 18, United States Code. This
section makes several amendments to the criminal code. For
example, it allows federal prosecutors to aggregate stolen
goods valued at $5,000 or more over a 12-month period for the
purposes of transporting stolen goods and receipt of stolen
goods statutes. It also expands the definition of ``monetary
instrument'' in the federal money laundering statute to include
general-use prepaid cards, gift certificates, and store gift
cards that ORC rings use to transfer funds. It expands the
ability for federal judges to order criminal forfeiture of
assets from convictions related to interstate shipment of
stolen goods, transportation of stolen goods, and the sale or
receipt of stolen goods. This section also amends the federal
money laundering statutes to include the interstate shipment of
stolen goods, transportation of stolen goods, and the sale or
receipt of stolen goods as predicate offenses.
Section 4. Establishment of a Center to Combat Organized
Retail and Supply Chain Crime. This section establishes a
Center to Combat Organized Retail and Supply Chain Crime within
Homeland Security Investigations. The center is tasked with
coordinating federal law enforcement activities related to
organized retail and supply chain crime, including
investigations of national/transnational criminal
organizations. The center is also tasked with establishing
relationships with state and local law enforcement agencies to
share information on ORC threats. This section also requires
the Attorney General and the Secretary of Homeland Security to
submit annual reports on ORC to congressional committees. The
center expires seven years after its creation.
Changes in Existing Law Made by the Bill, as Reported
In compliance with clause 3(e) of rule XIII of the Rules of
the House of Representatives, changes in existing law made by
the bill, as reported, are shown as follows (existing law
proposed to be omitted is enclosed in black brackets, new
matter is printed in italics, and existing law in which no
change is proposed is shown in roman):
TITLE 18, UNITED STATES CODE
* * * * * * *
PART I--CRIMES
* * * * * * *
CHAPTER 46--FORFEITURE
* * * * * * *
Sec. 982. Criminal forfeiture
(a)(1) The court, in imposing sentence on a person convicted
of an offense in violation of section 1956, 1957, or 1960 of
this title, shall order that the person forfeit to the United
States any property, real or personal, involved in such
offense, or any property traceable to such property.
(2) The court, in imposing sentence on a person convicted of
a violation of, or a conspiracy to violate--
(A) section 215, 656, 657, 1005, 1006, 1007, 1014,
1341, 1343, or 1344 of this title, affecting a
financial institution, or
(B) section 471, 472, 473, 474, 476, 477, 478, 479,
480, 481, 485, 486, 487, 488, 501, 502, 510, 542, 545,
555, 842, 844, 1028, 1029, or 1030 of this title,
shall order that the person forfeit to the United States any
property constituting, or derived from, proceeds the person
obtained directly or indirectly, as the result of such
violation.
(3) The court, in imposing a sentence on a person convicted
of an offense under--
(A) section 666(a)(1) (relating to Federal program
fraud);
(B) section 1001 (relating to fraud and false
statements);
(C) section 1031 (relating to major fraud against the
United States);
(D) section 1032 (relating to concealment of assets
from conservator, receiver, or liquidating agent of
insured financial institution);
(E) section 1341 (relating to mail fraud); or
(F) section 1343 (relating to wire fraud),
involving the sale of assets acquired or held by the the
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, as conservator or
receiver for a financial institution or any other conservator
for a financial institution appointed by the Office of the
Comptroller of the Currency, or the National Credit Union
Administration, as conservator or liquidating agent for a
financial institution, shall order that the person forfeit to
the United States any property, real or personal, which
represents or is traceable to the gross receipts obtained,
directly or indirectly, as a result of such violation.
(4) With respect to an offense listed in subsection (a)(3)
committed for the purpose of executing or attempting to execute
any scheme or artifice to defraud, or for obtaining money or
property by means of false or fraudulent statements, pretenses,
representations, or promises, the gross receipts of such an
offense shall include any property, real or personal, tangible
or intangible, which is obtained, directly or indirectly, as a
result of such offense.
(5) The court, in imposing sentence on a person convicted of
a violation or conspiracy to violate--
(A) section 511 (altering or removing motor vehicle
identification numbers);
(B) section 553 (importing or exporting stolen motor
vehicles);
(C) section 659 (interstate or foreign shipments by
carrier; State prosecutions);
[(C)] (D) section 2119 (armed robbery of
automobiles);
[(D)] (E) section 2312 (transporting stolen motor
vehicles in interstate commerce)[; or];
[(E)] (F) section 2313 (possessing or selling a
stolen motor vehicle that has moved in interstate
commerce);
(G) section 2314 (transportation of stolen goods,
securities, moneys, fraudulent State tax stamps, or
articles used in counterfeiting); or
(H) section 2315 (sale or receipt of stolen goods,
securities, moneys, or fraudulent State tax stamps);
shall order that the person forfeit to the United States any
property, real or personal, which represents or is traceable to
the gross proceeds obtained, directly or indirectly, as a
result of such violation.
(6)(A) The court, in imposing sentence on a person convicted
of a violation of, or conspiracy to violate, section 274(a),
274A(a)(1), or 274A(a)(2) of the Immigration and Nationality
Act or section 555, 1425, 1426, 1427, 1541, 1542, 1543, 1544,
or 1546 of this title, or a violation of, or conspiracy to
violate, section 1028 of this title if committed in connection
with passport or visa issuance or use, shall order that the
person forfeit to the United States, regardless of any
provision of State law--
(i) any conveyance, including any vessel, vehicle, or
aircraft used in the commission of the offense of which
the person is convicted; and
(ii) any property real or personal--
(I) that constitutes, or is derived from or
is traceable to the proceeds obtained directly
or indirectly from the commission of the
offense of which the person is convicted; or
(II) that is used to facilitate, or is
intended to be used to facilitate, the
commission of the offense of which the person
is convicted.
(B) The court, in imposing sentence on a person described in
subparagraph (A), shall order that the person forfeit to the
United States all property described in that subparagraph.
(7) The court, in imposing sentence on a person convicted of
a Federal health care offense, shall order the person to
forfeit property, real or personal, that constitutes or is
derived, directly or indirectly, from gross proceeds traceable
to the commission of the offense.
(8) The court, in sentencing a defendant convicted of an
offense under section 1028, 1029, 1341, 1342, 1343, or 1344, or
of a conspiracy to commit such an offense, if the offense
involves telemarketing (as that term is defined in section
2325), shall order that the defendant forfeit to the United
States any real or personal property--
(A) used or intended to be used to commit, to
facilitate, or to promote the commission of such
offense; and
(B) constituting, derived from, or traceable to the
gross proceeds that the defendant obtained directly or
indirectly as a result of the offense.
(b)(1) The forfeiture of property under this section,
including any seizure and disposition of the property and any
related judicial or administrative proceeding, shall be
governed by the provisions of section 413 (other than
subsection (d) of that section) of the Comprehensive Drug Abuse
Prevention and Control Act of 1970 (21 U.S.C. 853).
(2) The substitution of assets provisions of subsection
413(p) shall not be used to order a defendant to forfeit assets
in place of the actual property laundered where such defendant
acted merely as an intermediary who handled but did not retain
the property in the course of the money laundering offense
unless the defendant, in committing the offense or offenses
giving rise to the forfeiture, conducted three or more separate
transactions involving a total of $100,000 or more in any
twelve month period.
* * * * * * *
CHAPTER 95--RACKETEERING
* * * * * * *
Sec. 1956. Laundering of monetary instruments
(a)(1) Whoever, knowing that the property involved in a
financial transaction represents the proceeds of some form of
unlawful activity, conducts or attempts to conduct such a
financial transaction which in fact involves the proceeds of
specified unlawful activity--
(A)(i) with the intent to promote the carrying on of
specified unlawful activity; or
(ii) with intent to engage in conduct constituting a
violation of section 7201 or 7206 of the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986; or
(B) knowing that the transaction is designed in whole
or in part--
(i) to conceal or disguise the nature, the
location, the source, the ownership, or the
control of the proceeds of specified unlawful
activity; or
(ii) to avoid a transaction reporting
requirement under State or Federal law,
shall be sentenced to a fine of not more than $500,000 or twice
the value of the property involved in the transaction,
whichever is greater, or imprisonment for not more than twenty
years, or both. For purposes of this paragraph, a financial
transaction shall be considered to be one involving the
proceeds of specified unlawful activity if it is part of a set
of parallel or dependent transactions, any one of which
involves the proceeds of specified unlawful activity, and all
of which are part of a single plan or arrangement.
(2) Whoever transports, transmits, or transfers, or attempts
to transport, transmit, or transfer a monetary instrument or
funds from a place in the United States to or through a place
outside the United States or to a place in the United States
from or through a place outside the United States--
(A) with the intent to promote the carrying on of
specified unlawful activity; or
(B) knowing that the monetary instrument or funds
involved in the transportation, transmission, or
transfer represent the proceeds of some form of
unlawful activity and knowing that such transportation,
transmission, or transfer is designed in whole or in
part--
(i) to conceal or disguise the nature, the
location, the source, the ownership, or the
control of the proceeds of specified unlawful
activity; or
(ii) to avoid a transaction reporting
requirement under State or Federal law,
shall be sentenced to a fine of not more than $500,000 or twice
the value of the monetary instrument or funds involved in the
transportation, transmission, or transfer, whichever is
greater, or imprisonment for not more than twenty years, or
both. For the purpose of the offense described in subparagraph
(B), the defendant's knowledge may be established by proof that
a law enforcement officer represented the matter specified in
subparagraph (B) as true, and the defendant's subsequent
statements or actions indicate that the defendant believed such
representations to be true.
(3) Whoever, with the intent--
(A) to promote the carrying on of specified unlawful
activity;
(B) to conceal or disguise the nature, location,
source, ownership, or control of property believed to
be the proceeds of specified unlawful activity; or
(C) to avoid a transaction reporting requirement
under State or Federal law,
conducts or attempts to conduct a financial transaction
involving property represented to be the proceeds of specified
unlawful activity, or property used to conduct or facilitate
specified unlawful activity, shall be fined under this title or
imprisoned for not more than 20 years, or both. For purposes of
this paragraph and paragraph (2), the term ``represented''
means any representation made by a law enforcement officer or
by another person at the direction of, or with the approval of,
a Federal official authorized to investigate or prosecute
violations of this section.
(b) Penalties.--
(1) In general.--Whoever conducts or attempts to
conduct a transaction described in subsection (a)(1) or
(a)(3), or section 1957, or a transportation,
transmission, or transfer described in subsection
(a)(2), is liable to the United States for a civil
penalty of not more than the greater of--
(A) the value of the property, funds, or
monetary instruments involved in the
transaction; or
(B) $10,000.
(2) Jurisdiction over foreign persons.--For purposes
of adjudicating an action filed or enforcing a penalty
ordered under this section, the district courts shall
have jurisdiction over any foreign person, including
any financial institution authorized under the laws of
a foreign country, against whom the action is brought,
if service of process upon the foreign person is made
under the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure or the laws
of the country in which the foreign person is found,
and--
(A) the foreign person commits an offense
under subsection (a) involving a financial
transaction that occurs in whole or in part in
the United States;
(B) the foreign person converts, to his or
her own use, property in which the United
States has an ownership interest by virtue of
the entry of an order of forfeiture by a court
of the United States; or
(C) the foreign person is a financial
institution that maintains a bank account at a
financial institution in the United States.
(3) Court authority over assets.--A court may issue a
pretrial restraining order or take any other action
necessary to ensure that any bank account or other
property held by the defendant in the United States is
available to satisfy a judgment under this section.
(4) Federal receiver.--
(A) In general.--A court may appoint a
Federal Receiver, in accordance with
subparagraph (B) of this paragraph, to collect,
marshal, and take custody, control, and
possession of all assets of the defendant,
wherever located, to satisfy a civil judgment
under this subsection, a forfeiture judgment
under section 981 or 982, or a criminal
sentence under section 1957 or subsection (a)
of this section, including an order of
restitution to any victim of a specified
unlawful activity.
(B) Appointment and authority.--A Federal
Receiver described in subparagraph (A)--
(i) may be appointed upon application
of a Federal prosecutor or a Federal or
State regulator, by the court having
jurisdiction over the defendant in the
case;
(ii) shall be an officer of the
court, and the powers of the Federal
Receiver shall include the powers set
out in section 754 of title 28, United
States Code; and
(iii) shall have standing equivalent
to that of a Federal prosecutor for the
purpose of submitting requests to
obtain information regarding the assets
of the defendant--
(I) from the Financial Crimes
Enforcement Network of the
Department of the Treasury; or
(II) from a foreign country
pursuant to a mutual legal
assistance treaty, multilateral
agreement, or other arrangement
for international law
enforcement assistance,
provided that such requests are
in accordance with the policies
and procedures of the Attorney
General.
(c) As used in this section--
(1) the term ``knowing that the property involved in
a financial transaction represents the proceeds of some
form of unlawful activity'' means that the person knew
the property involved in the transaction represented
proceeds from some form, though not necessarily which
form, of activity that constitutes a felony under
State, Federal, or foreign law, regardless of whether
or not such activity is specified in paragraph (7);
(2) the term ``conducts'' includes initiating,
concluding, or participating in initiating, or
concluding a transaction;
(3) the term ``transaction'' includes a purchase,
sale, loan, pledge, gift, transfer, delivery, or other
disposition, and with respect to a financial
institution includes a deposit, withdrawal, transfer
between accounts, exchange of currency, loan, extension
of credit, purchase or sale of any stock, bond,
certificate of deposit, or other monetary instrument,
use of a safe deposit box, or any other payment,
transfer, or delivery by, through, or to a financial
institution, by whatever means effected;
(4) the term ``financial transaction'' means (A) a
transaction which in any way or degree affects
interstate or foreign commerce (i) involving the
movement of funds by wire or other means or (ii)
involving one or more monetary instruments, or (iii)
involving the transfer of title to any real property,
vehicle, vessel, or aircraft, or (B) a transaction
involving the use of a financial institution which is
engaged in, or the activities of which affect,
interstate or foreign commerce in any way or degree;
(5) the term ``monetary instruments'' means (i) coin
or currency of the United States or of any other
country, travelers' checks, personal checks, bank
checks, [and money orders] money orders, general-use
prepaid cards, gift certificates, and store gift cards,
or (ii) investment securities or negotiable
instruments, in bearer form or otherwise in such form
that title thereto passes upon delivery;
(6) the term ``financial institution'' includes--
(A) any financial institution, as defined in
section 5312(a)(2) of title 31, United States
Code, or the regulations promulgated
thereunder; and
(B) any foreign bank, as defined in section 1
of the International Banking Act of 1978 (12
U.S.C. 3101);
(7) the term ``specified unlawful activity'' means--
(A) any act or activity constituting an
offense listed in section 1961(1) of this title
except an act which is indictable under
subchapter II of chapter 53 of title 31;
(B) with respect to a financial transaction
occurring in whole or in part in the United
States, an offense against a foreign nation
involving--
(i) the manufacture, importation,
sale, or distribution of a controlled
substance (as such term is defined for
the purposes of the Controlled
Substances Act);
(ii) murder, kidnapping, robbery,
extortion, destruction of property by
means of explosive or fire, or a crime
of violence (as defined in section 16);
(iii) fraud, or any scheme or attempt
to defraud, by or against a foreign
bank (as defined in paragraph 7 of
section 1(b) of the International
Banking Act of 1978));
(iv) bribery of a public official, or
the misappropriation, theft, or
embezzlement of public funds by or for
the benefit of a public official;
(v) smuggling or export control
violations involving--
(I) an item controlled on the
United States Munitions List
established under section 38 of
the Arms Export Control Act (22
U.S.C. 2778); or
(II) an item controlled under
regulations under the Export
Administration Regulations (15
C.F.R. Parts 730-774);
(vi) an offense with respect to which
the United States would be obligated by
a multilateral treaty, either to
extradite the alleged offender or to
submit the case for prosecution, if the
offender were found within the
territory of the United States; or
(vii) trafficking in persons, selling
or buying of children, sexual
exploitation of children, or
transporting, recruiting or harboring a
person, including a child, for
commercial sex acts;
(C) any act or acts constituting a continuing
criminal enterprise, as that term is defined in
section 408 of the Controlled Substances Act
(21 U.S.C. 848);
(D) an offense under section 32 (relating to
the destruction of aircraft), section 37
(relating to violence at international
airports), section 115 (relating to
influencing, impeding, or retaliating against a
Federal official by threatening or injuring a
family member), section 152 (relating to
concealment of assets; false oaths and claims;
bribery), section 175c (relating to the variola
virus), section 215 (relating to commissions or
gifts for procuring loans), section 351
(relating to congressional or Cabinet officer
assassination), any of sections 500 through 503
(relating to certain counterfeiting offenses),
section 513 (relating to securities of States
and private entities), section 541 (relating to
goods falsely classified), section 542
(relating to entry of goods by means of false
statements), section 545 (relating to smuggling
goods into the United States), section 549
(relating to removing goods from Customs
custody), section 554 (relating to smuggling
goods from the United States), section 555
(relating to border tunnels), section 641
(relating to public money, property, or
records), section 656 (relating to theft,
embezzlement, or misapplication by bank officer
or employee), section 657 (relating to lending,
credit, and insurance institutions), section
658 (relating to property mortgaged or pledged
to farm credit agencies), section 659
(interstate or foreign shipments by carrier;
State prosecutions), section 666 (relating to
theft or bribery concerning programs receiving
Federal funds), section 793, 794, or 798
(relating to espionage), section 831 (relating
to prohibited transactions involving nuclear
materials), section 844(f) or (i) (relating to
destruction by explosives or fire of Government
property or property affecting interstate or
foreign commerce), section 875 (relating to
interstate communications), section 922(l)
(relating to the unlawful importation of
firearms), section 924(n), 932, or 933
(relating to firearms trafficking), section 956
(relating to conspiracy to kill, kidnap, maim,
or injure certain property in a foreign
country), section 1005 (relating to fraudulent
bank entries), 1006 (relating to fraudulent
Federal credit institution entries), 1007
(relating to Federal Deposit Insurance
transactions), 1014 (relating to fraudulent
loan or credit applications), section 1030
(relating to computer fraud and abuse), 1032
(relating to concealment of assets from
conservator, receiver, or liquidating agent of
financial institution), section 1111 (relating
to murder), section 1114 (relating to murder of
United States law enforcement officials),
section 1116 (relating to murder of foreign
officials, official guests, or internationally
protected persons), section 1201 (relating to
kidnaping), section 1203 (relating to hostage
taking), section 1361 (relating to willful
injury of Government property), section 1363
(relating to destruction of property within the
special maritime and territorial jurisdiction),
section 1708 (theft from the mail), section
1751 (relating to Presidential assassination),
section 2113 or 2114 (relating to bank and
postal robbery and theft), section 2252A
(relating to child pornography) where the child
pornography contains a visual depiction of an
actual minor engaging in sexually explicit
conduct, section 2260 (production of certain
child pornography for importation into the
United States), section 2280 (relating to
violence against maritime navigation), section
2281 (relating to violence against maritime
fixed platforms), section 2314 (transportation
of stolen goods, securities, moneys, fraudulent
State tax stamps, or articles used in
counterfeiting), section 2315 (sale or receipt
of stolen goods, securities, moneys, or
fraudulent State tax stamps), section 2319
(relating to copyright infringement), section
2320 (relating to trafficking in counterfeit
goods and services), section 2332 (relating to
terrorist acts abroad against United States
nationals), section 2332a (relating to use of
weapons of mass destruction), section 2332b
(relating to international terrorist acts
transcending national boundaries), section
2332g (relating to missile systems designed to
destroy aircraft), section 2332h (relating to
radiological dispersal devices), section 2339A
or 2339B (relating to providing material
support to terrorists), section 2339C (relating
to financing of terrorism), or section 2339D
(relating to receiving military-type training
from a foreign terrorist organization) of this
title, section 46502 of title 49, United States
Code, a felony violation of the Chemical
Diversion and Trafficking Act of 1988 (relating
to precursor and essential chemicals), section
590 of the Tariff Act of 1930 (19 U.S.C. 1590)
(relating to aviation smuggling), section 422
of the Controlled Substances Act (relating to
transportation of drug paraphernalia), section
38(c) (relating to criminal violations) of the
Arms Export Control Act, section 11 (relating
to violations) of the Export Administration Act
of 1979, section 206 (relating to penalties) of
the International Emergency Economic Powers
Act, section 16 (relating to offenses and
punishment) of the Trading with the Enemy Act,
any felony violation of section 15 of the Food
and Nutrition Act of 2008 (relating to
supplemental nutrition assistance program
benefits fraud) involving a quantity of
benefits having a value of not less than
$5,000, any violation of section 543(a)(1) of
the Housing Act of 1949 (relating to equity
skimming), any felony violation of the Foreign
Agents Registration Act of 1938, any felony
violation of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act,
section 92 of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42
U.S.C. 2122) (relating to prohibitions
governing atomic weapons), or section 104(a) of
the North Korea Sanctions Enforcement Act of
2016 (relating to prohibited activities with
respect to North Korea);
environmental crimes
(E) a felony violation of the Federal Water
Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.),
the Ocean Dumping Act (33 U.S.C. 1401 et seq.),
the Act to Prevent Pollution from Ships (33
U.S.C. 1901 et seq.), the Safe Drinking Water
Act (42 U.S.C. 300f et seq.), or the Resources
Conservation and Recovery Act (42 U.S.C. 6901
et seq.);
(F) any act or activity constituting an
offense involving a Federal health care
offense; or
(G) any act that is a criminal violation of
subparagraph (A), (B), (C), (D), (E), or (F) of
paragraph (1) of section 9(a) of the Endangered
Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1538(a)(1)),
section 2203 of the African Elephant
Conservation Act (16 U.S.C. 4223), or section
7(a) of the Rhinoceros and Tiger Conservation
Act of 1994 (16 U.S.C. 5305a(a)), if the
endangered or threatened species of fish or
wildlife, products, items, or substances
involved in the violation and relevant conduct,
as applicable, have a total value of more than
$10,000;
(8) the term ``State'' includes a State of the United
States, the District of Columbia, and any commonwealth,
territory, or possession of the United States; and
(9) the term ``proceeds'' means any property derived
from or obtained or retained, directly or indirectly,
through some form of unlawful activity, including the
gross receipts of such activity.
(d) Nothing in this section shall supersede any provision of
Federal, State, or other law imposing criminal penalties or
affording civil remedies in addition to those provided for in
this section.
(e) Violations of this section may be investigated by such
components of the Department of Justice as the Attorney General
may direct, and by such components of the Department of the
Treasury as the Secretary of the Treasury may direct, as
appropriate, and, with respect to offenses over which the
Department of Homeland Security has jurisdiction, by such
components of the Department of Homeland Security as the
Secretary of Homeland Security may direct, and, with respect to
offenses over which the United States Postal Service has
jurisdiction, by the Postal Service. Such authority of the
Secretary of the Treasury, the Secretary of Homeland Security,
and the Postal Service shall be exercised in accordance with an
agreement which shall be entered into by the Secretary of the
Treasury, the Secretary of Homeland Security, the Postal
Service, and the Attorney General. Violations of this section
involving offenses described in paragraph (c)(7)(E) may be
investigated by such components of the Department of Justice as
the Attorney General may direct, and the National Enforcement
Investigations Center of the Environmental Protection Agency.
(f) There is extraterritorial jurisdiction over the conduct
prohibited by this section if--
(1) the conduct is by a United States citizen or, in
the case of a non-United States citizen, the conduct
occurs in part in the United States; and
(2) the transaction or series of related transactions
involves funds or monetary instruments of a value
exceeding $10,000.
(g) Notice of Conviction of Financial Institutions.--If any
financial institution or any officer, director, or employee of
any financial institution has been found guilty of an offense
under this section, section 1957 or 1960 of this title, or
section 5322 or 5324 of title 31, the Attorney General shall
provide written notice of such fact to the appropriate
regulatory agency for the financial institution.
(h) Any person who conspires to commit any offense defined in
this section or section 1957 shall be subject to the same
penalties as those prescribed for the offense the commission of
which was the object of the conspiracy.
(i) Venue.--(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), a
prosecution for an offense under this section or section 1957
may be brought in--
(A) any district in which the financial or monetary
transaction is conducted; or
(B) any district where a prosecution for the
underlying specified unlawful activity could be
brought, if the defendant participated in the transfer
of the proceeds of the specified unlawful activity from
that district to the district where the financial or
monetary transaction is conducted.
(2) A prosecution for an attempt or conspiracy offense under
this section or section 1957 may be brought in the district
where venue would lie for the completed offense under paragraph
(1), or in any other district where an act in furtherance of
the attempt or conspiracy took place.
(3) For purposes of this section, a transfer of funds from 1
place to another, by wire or any other means, shall constitute
a single, continuing transaction. Any person who conducts (as
that term is defined in subsection (c)(2)) any portion of the
transaction may be charged in any district in which the
transaction takes place.
(j) Seven-year Limitation.--Notwithstanding section 3282, no
person shall be prosecuted, tried, or punished for a violation
of this section or section 1957 if the specified unlawful
activity constituting the violation is the activity defined in
subsection (c)(7)(B) of this section, unless the indictment is
found or the information is instituted not later than 7 years
after the date on which the offense was committed.
* * * * * * *
CHAPTER 113--STOLEN PROPERTY
* * * * * * *
Sec. 2314. Transportation of stolen goods, securities, moneys,
fraudulent State tax stamps, or articles used in
counterfeiting
Whoever transports, transmits, or transfers in interstate or
foreign commerce any goods, wares, merchandise, securities or
money, of the value of $5,000 or more, or of an aggregate value
of $5,000 or more during any 12-month period, knowing the same
to have been stolen, embezzled, converted or taken by fraud,
false pretense, or other illegal means; or
Whoever, having devised or intending to devise any scheme or
artifice to defraud, or for obtaining money or property by
means of false or fraudulent pretenses, representations, or
promises, transports or causes to be transported, or induces
any person or persons to travel in, or to be transported in
interstate or foreign commerce in the execution or concealment
of a scheme or artifice to defraud that person or those persons
of money or property having a value of $5,000 or more; or
Whoever, with unlawful or fraudulent intent, transports in
interstate or foreign commerce any falsely made, forged,
altered, or counterfeited securities or tax stamps, knowing the
same to have been falsely made, forged, altered, or
counterfeited; or
Whoever, with unlawful or fraudulent intent, transports in
interstate or foreign commerce any traveler's check bearing a
forged countersignature; or
Whoever, with unlawful or fraudulent intent, transports in
interstate or foreign commerce, any tool, implement, or thing
used or fitted to be used in falsely making, forging, altering,
or counterfeiting any security or tax stamps, or any part
thereof; or
Whoever transports, transmits, or transfers in interstate or
foreign commerce any veterans' memorial object, knowing the
same to have been stolen, converted or taken by fraud--
Shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than
ten years, or both. If the offense involves a pre-retail
medical product (as defined in section 670) the punishment for
the offense shall be the same as the punishment for an offense
under section 670 unless the punishment under this section is
greater. If the offense involves the transportation,
transmission, or transfer in interstate or foreign commerce of
veterans' memorial objects with a value, in the aggregate, of
less than $1,000, the defendant shall be fined under this title
or imprisoned not more than one year, or both.
This section shall not apply to any falsely made, forged,
altered, counterfeited or spurious representation of an
obligation or other security of the United States, or of an
obligation, bond, certificate, security, treasury note, bill,
promise to pay or bank note issued by any foreign government.
This section also shall not apply to any falsely made, forged,
altered, counterfeited, or spurious representation of any bank
note or bill issued by a bank or corporation of any foreign
country which is intended by the laws or usage of such country
to circulate as money.
For purposes of this section the term ``veterans' memorial
object'' means a grave marker, headstone, monument, or other
object, intended to permanently honor a veteran or mark a
veteran's grave, or any monument that signifies an event of
national military historical significance.
Sec. 2315. Sale or receipt of stolen goods, securities, moneys, or
fraudulent State tax stamps
Whoever receives, possesses, conceals, stores, barters,
sells, or disposes of any goods, wares, or merchandise,
securities, or money of the value of $5,000 or more, or of an
aggregate value of $5,000 or more during any 12-month period,
or pledges or accepts as security for a loan any goods, wares,
or merchandise, or securities, of the value of $500 or more,
which have crossed a State or United States boundary after
being stolen, unlawfully converted, or taken, knowing the same
to have been stolen, unlawfully converted, or taken; or
Whoever receives, possesses, conceals, stores, barters,
sells, or disposes of any falsely made, forged, altered, or
counterfeited securities or tax stamps, or pledges or accepts
as security for a loan any falsely made, forged, altered, or
counterfeited securities or tax stamps, moving as, or which are
a part of, or which constitute interstate or foreign commerce,
knowing the same to have been so falsely made, forged, altered,
or counterfeited; or
Whoever receives in interstate or foreign commerce, or
conceals, stores, barters, sells, or disposes of, any tool,
implement, or thing used or intended to be used in falsely
making, forging, altering, or counterfeiting any security or
tax stamp, or any part thereof, moving as, or which is a part
of, or which constitutes interstate or foreign commerce,
knowing that the same is fitted to be used, or has been used,
in falsely making, forging, altering, or counterfeiting any
security or tax stamp, or any part thereof; or
`Whoever receives, possesses, conceals, stores, barters,
sells, or disposes of any veterans' memorial object which has
crossed a State or United States boundary after being stolen,
unlawfully converted, or taken, knowing the same to have been
stolen, unlawfully converted, or taken--'
Shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than
ten years, or both. If the offense involves a pre-retail
medical product (as defined in section 670) the punishment for
the offense shall be the same as the punishment for an offense
under section 670 unless the punishment under this section is
greater. If the offense involves the receipt, possession,
concealment, storage, barter, sale, or disposal of veterans'
memorial objects with a value, in the aggregate, of less than
$1,000, the defendant shall be fined under this title or
imprisoned not more than one year, or both.
This section shall not apply to any falsely made, forged,
altered, counterfeited, or spurious representation of an
obligation or other security of the United States or of an
obligation, bond, certificate, security, treasury note, bill,
promise to pay, or bank note, issued by any foreign government.
This section also shall not apply to any falsely made, forged,
altered, counterfeited, or spurious representation of any bank
note or bill issued by a bank or corporation of any foreign
country which is intended by the laws or usage of such country
to circulate as money.
For purposes of this section, the term ``State'' includes a
State of the United States, the District of Columbia, and any
commonwealth, territory, or possession of the United States.
For purposes of this section the term ``veterans' memorial
object'' means a grave marker, headstone, monument, or other
object, intended to permanently honor a veteran or mark a
veteran's grave, or any monument that signifies an event of
national military historical significance.
* * * * * * *
----------
TRADE FACILITATION AND TRADE ENFORCEMENT ACT OF 2015
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.
(a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Trade
Facilitation and Trade Enforcement Act of 2015''.
(b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is
follows:
Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
* * * * * * *
TITLE III--IMPORT-RELATED PROTECTION OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS
* * * * * * *
Sec. 305A. Organized Retail and Supply Chain Crime Coordination Center.
* * * * * * *
TITLE III--IMPORT-RELATED PROTECTION OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS
* * * * * * *
SEC. 305A. ORGANIZED RETAIL AND SUPPLY CHAIN CRIME COORDINATION CENTER.
(a) Definitions.--In this section:
(1) Center.--The term ``Center'' means the Organized
Retail and Supply Chain Crime Coordination Center
established pursuant to subsection (b)(1).
(2) Organized retail and supply chain crime.--The
term ``organized retail and supply chain crime''
includes--
(A) any crime described in section 659, 2117,
2314, or 2315 of title 18, United States Code
that is committed by, in coordination with, or
at the instruction of an organization;
(B) aiding or abetting the commission of, or
conspiring to commit, any act that is in
furtherance of a violation of a crime referred
to in subparagraph (A); and
(C) other crimes related to those described
in subparagraphs (A) and (B).
(3) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the
Secretary of Homeland Security.
(4) Executive associate director.--The term
``Executive Associate Director'' means the Executive
Associate Director of Homeland Security Investigations.
(b) Organized Retail and Supply Chain Crime Coordination
Center.--
(1) Establishment.--Not later than 90 days after the
date of enactment of the Combating Organized Retail
Crime Act of 2025, the Secretary shall direct the
Executive Associate Director to establish the Organized
Retail and Supply Chain Crime Coordination Center.
(2) Duties.--The duties of the Center shall include--
(A) coordinating Federal law enforcement
activities related to organized retail and
supply chain crime, including investigations of
national and transnational criminal
organizations that are engaged in organized
retail and supply chain crime;
(B) establishing relationships with State and
local law enforcement agencies and
organizations, including organized retail crime
associations and cargo theft associations, and
sharing information regarding organized retail
and supply chain crime threats with such
agencies and organizations;
(C) assisting State and local law enforcement
agencies with State and local investigations of
organized retail and supply chain crime groups;
(D) establishing relationships with retail,
transportation, and other companies determined
by the Executive Associate Director to have
significant interests relating to organized
retail and supply chain crime threats, sharing
information with those companies regarding such
threats, collaborating on investigations and
loss prevention activities as appropriate, and
providing a mechanism for the receipt of
investigative information on such threats;
(E) establishing a secure system for sharing
information regarding organized retail and
supply chain crime threats by leveraging
existing information systems at the Department
of Homeland Security and the Department of
Justice;
(F) tracking trends with respect to organized
retail and supply chain crime and releasing
annual public reports on such trends; and
(G) supporting the provision of training and
technical assistance in accordance with
subsection (c).
(3) Leadership; staffing.--
(A) Director.--The Center shall be headed by
a Director, who shall be--
(i) an experienced law enforcement
officer;
(ii) appointed by the Director of
U.S. Immigration and Customs
Enforcement; and
(iii) in a Senior Executive Service
position as defined in section 3132 of
title 5, United States Code.
(B) Deputy director.--The Director of the
Center shall be assisted by a Deputy Director,
who shall be appointed, on a 2-year rotational
basis, upon request from the Executive
Associate Director, by--
(i) the Director of the Federal
Bureau of Investigation;
(ii) the Director of the United
States Secret Service; or
(iii) the Chief Postal Inspector.
(C) Federal staff.--The staff of the Center
shall include--
(i) special agents and analysts from
Homeland Security Investigations; and
(ii) detailed criminal investigators,
analysts, and liaisons from other
Federal agencies who have
responsibilities related to organized
retail and supply chain crime,
including detailees from--
(I) U.S. Customs and Border
Protection;
(II) the United States Secret
Service;
(III) the United States
Postal Inspection Service;
(IV) the Bureau of Alcohol,
Tobacco, Firearms and
Explosives;
(V) the Drug Enforcement
Administration;
(VI) the Federal Bureau of
Investigation; and
(VII) the Federal Motor
Carrier Safety Administration.
(D) State and local staff.--The staff of the
Center may include detailees from State and
local law enforcement agencies, who shall serve
at the Center on a nonreimbursable basis.
(4) Coordination.--
(A) In general.--The Center shall coordinate
its activities, as appropriate, with other
Federal agencies and centers responsible for
countering transnational organized crime
threats.
(B) Shared resources.--In establishing the
Center, the Executive Associate Director may
co-locate or otherwise share resources and
personnel, including detailees and agency
liaisons, with--
(i) the National Intellectual
Property Rights Coordination Center
established pursuant to section
305(a)(1); or
(ii) other existing interagency
centers within the Department of
Homeland Security.
(C) Agreements.--The Director of the Center,
or his or her designee, may enter into
agreements with Federal, State, local, and
Tribal agencies and private sector entities to
facilitate carrying out the duties described in
paragraph (2).
(D) Information sharing.--
(i) In general.--Subject to the
approval of the Director of the Center,
information that would otherwise be
subject to the limitation on the
disclosure of confidential information
set forth in section 1905 of title 18,
United States Code, may be shared if
such disclosure is operationally
necessary.
(ii) Non-delegable authority.--The
Director may not delegate his or her
authority under this subparagraph.
(5) Reporting requirements.--
(A) Initial report.--
(i) In general.--Not later than 1
year after the date of enactment of the
Combating Organized Retail Crime Act of
2025, the Secretary shall submit a
report regarding the establishment of
the Center to--
(I) the Committee on the
Judiciary of the Senate;
(II) the Committee on
Homeland Security and
Governmental Affairs of the
Senate;
(III) the Committee on the
Judiciary of the House of
Representatives; and
(IV) the Committee on
Homeland Security of the House
of Representatives.
(ii) Contents.--The report required
under clause (i) shall include a
description of--
(I) the organizational
structure of the Center;
(II) the agencies and partner
organizations that are
represented within the Center;
(III) any challenges required
to be addressed while
establishing the Center;
(IV) any lessons learned from
establishing the Center,
including successful
prosecutions resulting from the
activities of the Center;
(V) recommendations for ways
to strengthen the enforcement
of laws involving organized
retail and supply chain crime;
(VI) the intersections and
commonalities between organized
retail crime organizations and
other organized theft groups,
including supply chain
diversion and theft; and
(VII) the impact of organized
theft groups on the scarcity of
vital products, including
medicines, personal protective
equipment, and infant formula.
(B) Annual report.--Beginning on the date
that is 1 year after the submission of the
report required under subparagraph (A), and
each year thereafter, the Secretary shall
submit an annual report that describes the
activities of the Center during the previous
year to the congressional committees listed in
subparagraph (A)(i).
(6) Sunset.--
(A) In general.--The authority of the Center
shall terminate on the date that is 7 years
after the date on which the Center is
established under paragraph (1).
(B) Wind down.--The Secretary shall take such
actions as may be necessary to wind down the
Center in accordance with subparagraph (A).
(c) Training and Technical Assistance.--
(1) Evaluation.--Not later than 180 days after the
date of enactment of the Combating Organized Retail
Crime Act of 2025, the Secretary and the Attorney
General shall conduct an evaluation of existing Federal
programs that provide grants, training, and technical
support to State, local, and Tribal law enforcement to
assist in countering organized retail and supply chain
crime.
(2) Evaluation scope.--The evaluation required under
paragraph (1) shall evaluate, at a minimum--
(A) the Homeland Security Grant Program at
the Federal Emergency Management Agency;
(B) grant programs at the Office of Justice
Programs within the Department of Justice; and
(C) relevant training programs at the Federal
Law Enforcement Training Center.
(3) Report.--Not later than 45 days after the
completion of the evaluation required under paragraph
(1), the Secretary and the Attorney General shall
jointly submit a report to the congressional committees
listed in subsection (b)(5)(A)(i) that--
(A) describes the results of such evaluation;
and
(B) includes recommendations on ways to
expand grants, training, and technical
assistance for combating organized retail and
supply chain crime.
(4) Enhancing or modifying training and technical
assistance.--Not later than 45 days after submitting
the report required under paragraph (3), the Secretary
and the Attorney General shall jointly issue formal
guidance to relevant agencies and offices within the
Department of Homeland Security and the Department of
Justice for modifying or expanding, as appropriate, the
prioritization of training and technical assistance
designed to counter organized retail and supply chain
crime.
* * * * * * *
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